دانشگاه اصفهان متن شناسی ادب فارسی 2476-3268 18 2 2026 06 22 A Bibliographical Attribution Study of Shater Abbas Sabouhi's Poems انتساب‌شناسی مأخذ‌شناختی اشعار شاطر عباس صبوحی 61 82 29988 10.22108/rpll.2025.143947.2418 FA علیرضا فولادی دانشیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشکدۀ ادبیات و زبان‌های خارجی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران Journal Article 2025 01 09 Abstract Shater Abbas Sabouhi was a prominent poet of the Naserian period, yet the authenticity of many poems attributed to him remains in serious doubt. This skepticism arises from the discovery that several poems ascribed to Sabouhi also appear within the works of other poets, leading some scholars to question not only his authorship but even his very existence. Any scholarly assessment of Sabouhi requires a precise historical examination, and one essential step in this process is a comprehensive bibliographical attribution study. The present study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach to identify the origins of poems attributed to Sabouhi and to determine which belong to other poets. The study reveals that among the poems credited to Sabouhi, forty-seven—including thirty-two ghazals, one couplet, six quatrains, and eight incomplete poems—are definitively not his, a number almost twice that reported by earlier researchers. Furthermore, ten poems, consisting of eight ghazals and two incomplete works, can be confidently attributed to him, while sixty-one others, including thirty-five ghazals, one mokhammas (pentastich), one couplet, ten quatrains, thirteen unfinished pieces, and one ballad, remain uncertain. In these cases, the likelihood of correct or incorrect attribution appears roughly equal. This research thus contributes to clarifying the poetic legacy of Shater Abbas Sabouhi by distinguishing authentic works from those spuriously attached to his name. Keywords: Naserian Poetry, Shater Abbas Sabouhi, Attribution Studies, Bibliography. Introduction In the late 1920s, a lithograph edition of the Divan attributed to Shater Abbas Sabouhi was published in three fascicles by two Tehran booksellers. These editions were later combined and reprinted several times, eventually followed by a lead-type edition in the 1930s. Since then, the Divan has been published repeatedly by different editors and publishers, often with additions or omissions derived from those early prints or unreliable manuscripts. Shortly after its first publication, literary scholars discovered that many poems within the Divan had already appeared under the names of other poets. This revelation led to extensive debate: some attributed the confusion to publishers’ carelessness, while others speculated that both Sabouhi and his publishers were responsible. The controversy escalated to such an extent that a few researchers even denied the poet’s existence altogether. However, historical evidence suggests that Sabouhi was indeed a real and well-known poet. Contemporary biographical works compiled during his lifetime confirm his poetic reputation and popularity among both scholars and the general public. These accounts also record several of his authentic ghazals. Furthermore, the earliest published collections of his poetry appeared decades after his death, based on oral recollections of admirers, indicating that any textual inconsistencies likely stemmed from transmission errors rather than deliberate falsification. Given these circumstances, the only reliable way to uncover the truth about Sabouhi’s poetic corpus is to examine the attribution of every poem systematically. The present study, therefore, aims to verify the authenticity of the poems attributed to Shater Abbas Sabouhi by identifying their textual sources and classifying them into three groups: spurious, authentic, and probable. Through this process, the study seeks to establish a firmer foundation for understanding Sabouhi’s poetic identity and legacy. Materials and Methods This research employs a descriptive-analytical method with an emphasis on bibliographical and source-identification analysis. The available printed Divans attributed to Sabouhi, along with accessible manuscripts, served as the primary sources for data collection. Each poem attributed to Sabouhi was examined in comparison with the works of other poets from both earlier and contemporary periods. When textual overlaps or identical verses were discovered, the corresponding poems were classified as spurious. In contrast, poems whose authorship was supported by credible historical references or contemporary anthologies were regarded as authentic. For the remaining poems, where neither clear evidence of authorship nor sufficient stylistic distinctiveness could be established, the classification of “probable” was assigned. Research Findings The study identified a total of 118 poems attributed to Shater Abbas Sabouhi. Among them, 47 poems—including 32 ghazals, one couplet, six quatrains, and eight incomplete works—were determined to be spurious, as they appear in the collections of other poets, sometimes with only minor variations. Conversely, 10 poems—comprising eight ghazals and two incomplete works—were confirmed as authentic. These poems are supported by historical documents and literary anthologies compiled during or shortly after the poet’s lifetime, which verify both his authorship and poetic style. The remaining 61 poems, consisting of 35 ghazals, one mokhammas (pentastich), one couplet, ten quatrains, thirteen incomplete pieces, and one ballad, fall into the probable category. These works display stylistic and linguistic features similar to Sabouhi’s authentic poems but lack direct historical or bibliographical confirmation. Notably, the number of poems found to be spurious is nearly twice the figure reported in earlier research, suggesting that the extent of misattribution within Sabouhi’s corpus has been substantially underestimated. Discussion of Results and Conclusion The findings of this study shed new light on the long-debated question of Shater Abbas Sabouhi’s poetic authenticity. The research demonstrates that 47 poems attributed to him are definitively spurious, 10 are authentic, and 61 remain indeterminate. This classification underscores the complexity of authorship attribution in Persian literary history, where oral transmission, manuscript copying, and posthumous publication often blur the boundaries of authorship. Moreover, the analysis reveals that Sabouhi’s genuine works exhibit a distinctive linguistic simplicity, emotional tone, and thematic orientation consistent with the Naserian poetic tradition. In contrast, the spurious poems often display stylistic inconsistencies, archaic vocabulary, and imagery characteristic of earlier poets, further confirming their doubtful attribution. While this study has made significant progress in separating authentic from inauthentic works, a complete resolution of Sabouhi’s poetic canon requires continued bibliographical and stylistic research. The remaining probable poems must be examined through stylistic analysis, comparative metrics, and linguistic profiling to reach greater certainty. Ultimately, by clarifying the boundaries of Shater Abbas Sabouhi’s poetic identity, this study contributes not only to the accurate documentation of one poet’s legacy but also to the broader field of Persian literary attribution studies, offering a methodological model for re-examining other disputed poetic corpora. شاطر عباس صبوحی از شاعران صاحب‌نام عصر ناصری است؛ با این ‌حال، دربارة صحت انتساب اشعار دیوان این شاعر به او تردید جدی وجود دارد. دلیل این تردید، ورود اشعار شاعران ماقبل یا معاصر شاطر عباس به دیوان وی است. بی‌گمان هرگونه اظهارنظر علمی دربارة شعر صبوحی به تعیین تکلیف این دست اشعار نیاز دارد که براساس انتساب‌شناسی یکایک اشعار این شاعر عملی خواهد شد. مقالة حاضر با روش توصیفی‌تحلیلی و رویکرد مأخذشناختی در این مسیر پیش رفته و کوشیده است بیش از پیش نشان دهد که کدام اشعار منتسب به شاعر مدنظر، در دیوان کدامین شاعران وجود دارد. این مقاله سرانجام نتیجه‌گیری می‌کند که از میان بیشترین آمار شعرهای منتسب به شاطر عباس، 47 شعر، شامل 32 غزل، 1 قطعه، 6 رباعی و 8 شعر ناتمام، قطعاً برای این شاعر نیست و این تعداد، تقریبا دو برابر آماری است که پژوهشندگان پیشین نشان داده‌‌اند. همچنین 10 شعر، شامل 8 غزل و 2 شعر ناتمام، قطعاً برای اوست و 61 شعر، شامل 35 غزل، 1 مخمس، 1 قطعه، 10 رباعی، 13 شعر ناتمام و 1 ترانة عامیانه، جز در چند مورد که اطلاعات تشکیکی دربارۀ آنها وجود دارد، احتمال صحت و سقم انتسابشان به وی مساوی است.

https://rpll.ui.ac.ir/article_29988_742ae58c1f05ff672384220857becb3d.pdf