Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
PhD Student of Persian Language and Literature, Persian Language and Literature Department, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
2
Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Persian Language and Literature Department, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
3
Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Persian Language and Literature Department, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
Abstract
Folk culture, with its various elements, has long played a significant role in shaping the content of Persian poetry, serving as the foundation for its semantic and content expansion. The incorporation of elements of folk culture in Persian poetry has not only broadened its semantic and content range but has also led to an increase in the volume of ambiguities and the level of obscurity within Persian poetry; this function has been particularly pronounced in certain periods, making poetic texts more challenging to understand. The sixth century stands out as one of these periods, characterized by a strong inclination among poets to incorporate elements of folk culture, resulting in the creation of numerous ambiguous and obscure poems. Athir al-Din Akhsikati is a poet from the sixth century known for his many ambiguous and obscure works. In this descriptive-analytical study, based on library documents and resources, a total of 564 Rubaiyats by Athir al-Din Akhsikati have been examined and analyzed in terms of their incorporation of popular rituals, which are significant elements of folk culture. The findings demonstrate that popular rituals are both frequently and diversely represented in Athir al-Din Akhsikati’s Rubaiyat, thereby contributing significantly to the enigmatic nature of many of these poems. The principal categories of popular rituals identified within the Rubaiyat include slavery rituals; courtly, civil, and military rituals; religious rituals; joy-related rituals; rituals associated with death and mourning; drinking rituals; and various other ritual forms.
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